Institute for Scientific Information shows China matching research productivity with excellence, diversifying its research economy and expanding its collaboration network
Clarivate Plc released a report from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)™ which reveals that China’s* research economy has seen a dramatic increase in quality and its research is increasingly valued beyond its borders. China is also diversifying beyond its traditional strengths in technology and physical sciences to focus on new areas such as biomolecular science.
China’s research landscape draws on data from the Web of Science™ citation index of scientific publications and charts China’s remarkable research trajectory over the last 40 years. The report shows an acceleration in published research output, which increased five-fold between 2009 and 2021, well outpacing the U.S. and E.U. Analysis from the Institute for Scientific Information suggests this trajectory is likely to continue.
China’s remarkable research productivity is matched by its increasing research excellence. Its proportion of published research with citation impact above the global average now matches the U.S. and Germany. In addition, China’s substantial volume of exceptional research in the form of Highly Cited Papers™ exceeds 1,000 per year, indicating that the global scientific community is taking note of what China is doing and seeking to collaborate with the researchers delivering these papers.
Other key findings of the report include:
- China exceeded U.S. published research output in plant and animal sciences, agricultural sciences and pharmacology and is on a pathway to challenge the U.S. in biochemistry and molecular biology.
- The shift in research quality is shown by the rising number of Highly Cited Researchers™** – individuals who have demonstrated significant and broad influence in their field or fields of research. The number of Highly Cited Researchers in China doubled to 1,169 between 2018 and 2022, only second to the U.S.’s 2,764 Highly Cited Researchers. Many of China’s Highly Cited Researchers are based at globally renowned institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University and their highly cited contributions are strongly represented in chemistry, engineering and material sciences disciplines.
- China has an exceptional share of the world’s research publications in technology areas, exceeding 40% of all articles and reviews published in areas such as automation control, telecommunications and nanotechnology between 2017 and 2021.
- China’s Research Fronts™, which reveal the hot topics and likely direction of future research, are driven by ‘core papers’ focused on chemistry and engineering related fields. However, for co-citing papers, China has markedly more activity in clinical and life sciences fields, one of the U.S.’s strengths, and so could rival the U.S in future.
- The U.S. remains China’s most important international research partner, co-authoring over 40% of China’s collaborative output over the last decade. As many as one-third of U.S. papers in telecommunications and over one-quarter in a spread of other areas feature a co-author affiliated with Chinese institutions.
- China is expanding its collaboration network and has emerged as a leading research partner for smaller nations across the Middle East, particularly in emerging green energy technologies, and Asia. China is the dominant research partner for Pakistan and Singapore.