On 25 June 2025, the European Commission published two independent expert reports on dual-use research and innovation. The first report, an ESIR Policy Brief, highlights the importance of dual-use R&I in the EU. It recommends that the EU adopt a “dual-use by design” approach, integrating dual-use research into the next EU Framework Programme and aligning it with the European Defence Fund. Overall, the paper aims to promote a comprehensive approach to dual-use R&I in the EU, balancing security, innovation, and ethical considerations.
Making the most of EU research and innovation investments. Rethinking dual use
The second publication offers insights with concrete examples and case studies on how dual-use research and innovation can work in practice. It recognises the importance of dual-use technologies as well as the challenges specifically related to their implementation in EU-funded projects. The report provides evidence and facts on opportunities and challenges related to civil-defence synergies. It uncovers practical implementation of dual-use research and innovation within the perspective of research performing organisations and small and medium-sized enterprises, start-ups and scale-ups. Finally, the report puts forward international examples and benchmarks on policy strategies and funding programmes supporting dual-use research and innovation.
Unlocking the potential of dual-use research and innovation
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